들은 내용과 일치 여부 (Whether the Content Heard Matches)

Delivery and Dining Out

When eating out or ordering delivery, you must understand the difference between menu composition and additional charges. '특선' (teukseon, specially selected dish) refers to a recommended menu that is specially chosen and served, and its price or composition may differ from regular menu items.

• Extra Rice Bowl (공기밥 추가) — Receiving one more bowl of rice with the meal you ordered. e.g., 공기밥을 하나 더 주시겠어요?
• Scorched Rice Water (숭늉) — A drink made by pouring water over scorched rice and boiling it, served after a meal. It is good to check before ordering whether it is served with the meal. e.g., 식사를 하시면 숭늉을 드립니다.
• Separate Charge (별도 계산) — Paying separately because the drink is not included in the meal order. It commonly applies when a drink such as cola is ordered separately. e.g., 음료는 별도로 계산해 주세요.
• Run Out of Ingredients (재료가 떨어지다) — The state in which the prepared ingredients have all been used up. It is an expression used when a restaurant cannot make the original menu item. e.g., 오늘은 해산물 재료가 떨어졌습니다.
• Serve Instead (대신 드리다) — Serving a different menu item in place of the one originally ordered. e.g., 불고기가 없어서 된장찌개로 대신 드릴게요.
• Request to Adjust Spiciness (맵기 조절 요청) — Asking for the spiciness of a dish to be reduced or increased. e.g., 조금 덜 맵게 해 주실 수 있어요?

When choosing a place to eat out, you compare the burden of preparing food at home with making a restaurant reservation. In event preparation, dividing roles, such as one person booking the restaurant and another handling the cake, makes preparation easier. Eating soups or salty foods frequently is treated as a habit to reduce in blood pressure management.

Work Coordination and Communication

In work coordination, you must first distinguish what has changed and what has stayed the same. Meals or events may change only partly in date, time, or place, so you must listen by separating the originally arranged details from the changed details. Whether the company covers the full cost or employees pay at least part of it are different facts. Questions about who bears the cost require you to confirm the scope of support accurately in order to choose the correct answer. Work hours may be set differently for each day of the week, so you must check the start and end times for Saturday and Sunday separately. Break time is given each time a certain amount of working time has passed, so do not confuse it with working hours. Requests to adjust shift times are often not decided on the spot but answered after confirming with a supervisor or headquarters. You must distinguish between confirmed matters and matters still being checked.

• Substitute Worker (대타(代打)) — A person who works in place of the person originally assigned. e.g., 이번 주 야간 근무의 대타를 구하고 있다.
• Shift Exchange (근무 교대) — Exchanging work hours or assigned duties with another person. e.g., 다음 주 근무를 동료와 교대했다.
• Reply on Attendance (참석 여부 회신) — Informing the designated person, by the designated method, whether you will attend an event. e.g., 내일 오전까지 이메일로 알려 주세요.

When taking on a substitute shift, it is common to first state the possible dates and time slots. You should also check the scope of duties you will handle and whether you have completed the required training. When someone else has taken over remaining work, it means that the work has been assigned to that person, not that it has become the work of the speaker.

Learning Recreational Sports

When first learning to swim, it is important to reduce fear of water first, and then it is common to master basic movements such as kicking before advancing to swimming longer distances, such as freestyle. '-고 있다' (-go itda, "be doing") indicates that an action has continued from a certain point in the past up to now. Therefore, '석 달 전부터 다니고 있다' means that the person has been learning for three months. You must distinguish between what you can currently do and your initial state. Saying that someone was good from the beginning is different from saying that their skill improved through a process.

• Class Level Division (강습 반 구분) — Classes organized by skill level, such as a beginner class or an intermediate-and-above class. Required items and equipment rental conditions may differ by class. e.g., 초급반은 기구를 빌려 쓸 수 있습니다.
• Equipment Rental (용품 대여) — Lending equipment needed for the class. Eligibility for rental differs by class, so you must check which class applies. e.g., 대여 용품은 입구에서 받으세요.
• Registration Method (신청 경로) — There may be several ways to register, such as online or on site. The deadline and whether same-day registration is possible must be checked separately. e.g., 신청은 누리집에서 하실 수 있습니다.

For class times, you must listen to whether the class is in the morning or afternoon and what the start and end times are. Choices that change the time period are a common type of wrong answer.

Checking Family Event Schedule

Family events are arranged together with the date, time, and place, along with who is responsible for each task. You must listen to the person in charge of each item, such as food, cake, or flowers, to understand the details accurately.

• By Chance (마침) — Expresses that a situation happened to occur at that particular time. e.g., 마침 시간이 비어서 함께 갈 수 있어요.
• After Doing (-고 나서 / -ㄴ 뒤에) — Indicates that an event on the latter side happens after the earlier event has finished. e.g., 식사를 마치고 나서 산책을 했다.
• On the Way (가는 길에) — Means doing another task on the way to a destination. e.g., 퇴근하는 길에 과일을 샀다.
• Help (도와주다) — Assisting with a task that another person is responsible for. The person in charge and the helper are different, so you must distinguish them. e.g., 동생이 설거지를 도와주었다.

The time of arrival at an event is often set in connection with the preceding schedule. Saying that someone goes after a task has ended is expressed with '-고 나서' or '-ㄴ 뒤에'. In questions about roles, many answer choices swap who prepared and who helped, so you must check the subject.

Planning a Visit to an Exhibition

Exhibition information should be heard in three parts: admission fee, operating hours, and exhibit content. Fees are often set differently depending on the target group, and operating hours can vary by day of the week. '반값'(half price) means half of the original price. A half price is the opposite of a double price, so be careful when comparing the difference between two fees. Admission and experience fees can be set separately. Some venues offer free viewing and charge only for experiences, so the two fees must be distinguished separately.

• 한국화(Korean painting) — A traditional painting made with ink and colors on hanji or silk. Ex) 한국화 전시에서 산수화를 감상했다. (I viewed landscape paintings at a Korean painting exhibition.)
• 전통 공예(traditional craft) — Craftwork made in traditional methods, such as ceramics or woodcraft. Ex) 전통 공예 작품을 구경했다. (I looked at traditional craft works.)
• 체험 공간(experience space) — A place where visitors can directly touch or make works. Ex) 체험 공간에서 도자기를 빚어 보았다. (I shaped pottery in the experience space.)
• 그러니까 ~하자(so let's ~) — An expression that recommends an action based on a fact mentioned earlier. Ex) 비가 그친다니까 오후에 가자. (Since the rain is stopping, let's go in the afternoon.)

Weather Forecasts

When listening to a weather forecast, check the time period and the region together. Even on the same day, the weather may be forecast differently for the morning and the afternoon, and different phenomena may occur in each region. The feels-like temperature is the temperature that feels lower or higher than the actual air temperature because of wind and other factors. Strong wind makes it feel colder even at the same air temperature, so you must distinguish between air temperature and feels-like temperature.

• 서리가 내리다(to have frost form) — A phenomenon in which ice crystals form on the ground or on grass leaves as the temperature drops. Ex) 새벽에 남부 지방에는 서리가 내리겠습니다. (Frost is expected in the southern regions at dawn.)
• 쌀쌀하다(chilly) — Means the weather is somewhat cold, and it is used when recommending clothing. Ex) 아침에는 쌀쌀하니 겉옷을 챙기세요. (It is chilly in the morning, so bring an outer layer.)
• 강풍 주의(strong wind warning) — A warning expression meaning that strong winds are blowing and caution is needed. Ex) 동해안은 강풍 주의가 필요합니다. (A strong wind warning is needed for the East Coast.)

Whether to postpone a plan after hearing a forecast is a decision made within the conversation, so you must distinguish the forecast content from the decision. You must not conclude that a plan has changed immediately just because the forecast has changed.

Microplastic Reduction Devices

Microplastics refer to small plastic fragments, and they become a problem when they flow into the sea because organisms easily mistake them for food. A reduction device is a device that filters microplastics in water to decrease their amount. If the installation location is a migration route of fish, you must also check whether the device causes harm to living creatures. Technology development proceeds in stages: research and testing, followed by application in the actual field. '개발했다'(developed) means that the technology has been created, and it does not mean that it is already being used in the field.

• 저감(低減)(reduction) — Lowering the amount or degree of something. Ex) 생활 속 일회용품 사용을 저감하는 정책이 시행되었다. (A policy to reduce the use of single-use products in daily life was implemented.)
• 시험 단계(testing stage) — A stage in which performance is checked before actual application. Ex) 이 장치는 아직 시험 단계에 있다. (This device is still in the testing stage.)
• -ㄹ 계획이다(plan to ~) — An expression that indicates something not yet happened as a scheduled event. Ex) 내년에 항구에서 시험할 계획이다. (We plan to test it at the harbor next year.)

Hospital Visits and Preparing for Treatment

Dosage instructions include how many times to take the medicine, when to take it, and precautions, so you should hear them divided into items. Confusing the order of meals and medication can lead to following the instructions incorrectly, so special attention is needed. Medicine taken on an empty stomach can irritate the stomach, so it is often advised to take it with a meal. After taking medicine that may cause side effects such as drowsiness, patients are advised to avoid driving. Taking medicine does not mean that driving is always safe.

• 공복(empty stomach) — The state of having an empty stomach without eating. Ex) 공복에 진한 커피를 마시면 속이 불편할 수 있다. (Drinking strong coffee on an empty stomach may upset your stomach.)
• 재방문(revisit) — Returning to the hospital again to check progress after treatment. The timing of a revisit is decided according to whether the symptoms have improved. Ex) 증상이 계속되면 재방문해 주세요. (If symptoms continue, please come back for a follow-up visit.)

Procedure for Issuing Civil Documents

When issuing civil documents, check the issuing counter, business hours, and whether the automatic issuing machine is available. Even in the same civil affairs office, counter issuance may be suspended during lunch breaks or on weekends. A resident registration copy and a family relations certificate are different certificates, so you must know the exact name of the required document when applying. An unmanned civil document issuing machine can often be used even when the counter is closed. You must understand counter services and machine use as separate matters. When receiving civil documents at the counter, bringing your identification card is the basic procedure. The reason an ID card is required is to verify your identity.